9个夏果型树莓品种在熊岳地区的引种栽培试验

为丰富辽宁省树莓品种结构,2002-2008年,辽宁省果树科学研究所先后从中国林业科学院、沈阳农业大学引进夏果型树莓品种9个,对其进行引种栽培试验.结构表明,9个夏果型树莓品种在熊岳地区均可正常生长发育,综合分析农艺性状等指标,发现'费尔杜德'维拉米'和'托拉米'表现较好,可在熊岳及立地条件相似地区进行推广.'托拉米'可作为品质育种,'无刺红'可作为早熟育种的亲本加以利用.     

基于森林功能分区的经营小班划分研究

基于湖南省慈利县二类调查数据，根据森林主导功能的差异、森林林种种类和坡度的不同，将慈利县森林划分成不同的森林功能区，并基于森林功能区按照树种的不同将其进一步划分成不同的经营小班。最后，在地理信息系统的支持下绘制出森林功能分区图和经营小班划分图。结果表明，公益林的面积多于商品林的面积，其中特殊公益林区和一般公益林区面积为1 290 hm²，限制性商品林和一般性商品林面积为1 144 hm²，马尾松和杉木是主要的经济树种。划分经营小班有利于森林的分类经营，为实现林业从传统的以木材生产为主向发挥森林的多功能、多效益的经营方式转变提供条件，进而实现森林的可持续经营，并为促进森林经营单位的可持续发展提供数据支持。     

第一课堂与课外科技竞赛活动协同培养大学生创新能力探析

从协同学的视角,探索基于第一课堂和课外科技竞赛活动一体化的创新人才培养模式,提出实现培养创新人才师生观念上的协同是前提,教师主导作用与学生主体作用的协同是关键,第一课堂理论教学与课外科技竞赛活动的协同是载体,建立以学生创新能力发展变化为序参量的激励与约束制度是保障,共同形成有利于创新人才培养的体制机制。     

Effects of different five-day progesterone-based synchronization protocols on the estrous response and follicular/luteal dynamics in dairy cows

This study compared the responses shown by lactating dairy cows to four different P4-based protocols for AI at estrus. Cows with no estrous signs 96 h after progesterone intravaginal device (PRID) removal were subjected to fixed-time AI (FTAI), and their data were also included in the study. In Experiment I, follicular/luteal and endometrial dynamics were assessed every 12 h from the beginning of treatment until AI. The estrous response was examined in Experiment II, and fertility was assessed in both experiments. The protocols consisted of a PRID fitted for five days, along with the administration of different combinations of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH), equine chorionic gonadotropin and a single or double dose (24 h apart) of prostaglandin F_2α. In Experiment I (40 cows), animals receiving GnRH at the start of treatment showed a significantly higher ovulation rate during the PRID insertion period while estrus was delayed. In Experiment II (351 cows), according to the odds ratios, cows showing luteal activity at the time of treatment were less likely to show estrus than cows with no signs of luteal activity. Treatment affected the estrous response and the interval from PRID removal to estrus but did not affect conception rates 28–34 days post AI. Primiparous cows displayed a better estrous response than multiparous cows. Our findings reveal acceptable results of 5-day P4-based protocols for AI at estrus in high-producing dairy cows. Time from treatment to estrus emerged as a good guide for FTAI after a 5-day P4-based synchronization protocol.     

Acute oral toxicity of zinc phosphide: an assessment for wild house mice (Mus musculus)

Irregular plagues of house mice, Mus musculus, incur major economic impacts on agricultural production in Australia. The efficacy of zinc phosphide (ZnP), the only registered broadacre control agent for mice, is reported as increasingly variable. Have mice become less sensitive over time or are they taking a sub-lethal dose and developing aversion? In this laboratory study, the sensitivity of mice (wild caught; outbred laboratory strain) was assessed using oral gavage of a range of ZnP concentrations. The estimated LD₅₀ values (72–79 mg ZnP/kg body weight) were similar for each mouse group but are significantly higher than previously reported. The willingness of mice to consume ZnP-coated grains was determined. ZnP-coated grains (50 g ZnP/kg grain) presented in the absence of alternative food were consumed and 94% of wild mice died. Mice provided with alternative food and ZnP-coated wheat grains (either 25 or 50 g ZnP/kg grain) consumed toxic and non-toxic grains, and mortality was lower (33–55%). If a sublethal amount of ZnP-coated grain was consumed, aversion occurred, mostly when alternative food was present. The sensitivity of wild house mice to ZnP in Australia is significantly lower than previously assumed. Under laboratory conditions, ZnP-coated grains coated with a new higher dose (50 g ZnP/kg grain) were readily consumed. Consumption of toxic grain occurred when alternative food was available but was decreased. Our unambiguous findings for house mice indicate a re-assessment of the ZnP loading for baits used for control of many rodents around the world may be warranted.     

切纸圆刀专用磨床及配套夹具的研制

对造纸行业切纸用的各种小型圆刀结构及研磨设备进行系统研究,研制出专用磨床,并对其传动原理、基本结构、安装调试、配套夹具设计等进行了介绍。     

Co-inoculation of selected nodule endophytic rhizobacterial strains with Rhizobium tropici promotes plant growth and controls damping off in common bean

Production of common bean(Phaseolus vulgaris)is limited by the occurrence of damping off(rhizoctoniosis),which is caused by the fungus Rhizoctonia solani.However,the co-inoculation of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria(PGPR)involved in biological control along with diatomic nitrogen(N2)-fixing rhizobia can enhance N nutrition and increase production.In this context,finding microorganisms with synergistic effects that perform these two roles is of fundamental importance to ensure adequate yield levels.The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of co-inoculation of nodule endophytic strains of the genera Bacillus,Paenibacillus,Burkholderia,and Pseudomonas with Rhizobium tropici CIAT 899,an N2-fixing rhizobial strain,on the biocontrol of damping off and growth promotion in common bean plants.Greenhouse experiments were conducted under axenic conditions using the common bean cultivar Pérola.The first experiment evaluated the potential of the 14 rhizobacterial strains,which were inoculated alone or in combination with CIAT 899,for the control of R.solani.The second experiment evaluated the ability of these 14 rhizobacterial strains to promote plant growth with three manners of N supply:co-inoculation with CIAT 899 at low mineral N supply(5.25 mg N mL^-1),low mineral N supply(5.25 mg N mL^-1),and high mineral N supply(52.5 mg N mL^-1).The use of rhizobacteria combined with rhizobia contributed in a synergistic manner to the promotion of growth and the control of damping off in the common bean.Co-inoculation of the strains UFLA 02-281/03-18(Pseudomonas sp.),UFLA 02-286(Bacillus sp.),and UFLA 04-227(Burkholderia fungorum)together with CIAT 899 effectively controlled damping off.For the common bean,mineral N supply can be replaced by the co-inoculation of CIAT 899 with plant growth-promoting strains UFLA 02-281/02-286/02-290/02-293.Nodule endophytes UFLA02-281/02-286 are promising for co-inoculation with CIAT 899 in the common bean,promoting synergy with rhizobial inoculation and protection against disease.     

对贫困乡镇农机管理服务的探讨

随着我国社会经济的发展,贫困乡镇农业机械化进程逐年提高,相应地贫困乡镇农机管理服务的地位也就愈加突出,对农机管理服务者的素质要求自然也是越来越高.但是现在贫困乡镇农业机械化生产过程中仍然存在许多问题.     

植物信号分子对大豆开花与结瘤的协同调控

大豆[Glycine max(L.)Merr.]是世界上重要的粮食和油料作物,其显著的生长特点是营养生长和生殖生长交错时间长,导致以结瘤为代表的营养生长和以开花为代表的生殖生长在物质和能量需求上存在激烈竞争。本文综述了蔗糖、植物激素以及miRNAs等植物信号分子对大豆开花和结瘤调控作用,将有助于理解大豆开花、结瘤的协同调控机制,以期对明确大豆生长发育规律、提高大豆产量提供理论支撑。     

淀粉水解酶及其水解产物的研究进展

综述了淀粉水解酶的种类和特点,以及不同淀粉酶的酶解产物,并重点介绍了这些产品的主要功能和特性。